BPC-157 vs TB-500: Complete Comparison Guide
An in-depth analysis of two popular research peptides. Compare mechanisms of action, research applications, molecular profiles, and learn how researchers combine them for synergistic effects.
Quick Comparison
| Feature | BPC-157 | TB-500 |
|---|---|---|
| Full Name | Body Protection Compound-157 | Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment |
| Amino Acids | 15 | 43 |
| Molecular Weight | 1,419.53 Da | 4,963.50 Da |
| Primary Mechanism | VEGF upregulation, NO pathway | Actin regulation, cell migration |
| Research Focus | GI tract, tendons, localized | Systemic tissue, cardiac |
| Origin | Gastric juice (synthetic) | Thymus gland (synthetic) |
| Starting Price | $45 (5mg) | $55 (5mg) |
BPC-157 and TB-500 are among the most researched peptides in the scientific community. While both are associated with tissue-related research, they operate through distinctly different biological mechanisms. Understanding these differences is crucial for researchers designing effective protocols.
This comprehensive guide examines the molecular profiles, mechanisms of action, research applications, and potential synergistic effects of these two peptides. Whether you're choosing between them or considering a combination approach, this analysis provides the scientific foundation for informed research decisions.
Understanding BPC-157
Molecular Profile
Sequence: Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val
CAS Number: 137525-51-0
Formula: C₆₂H₉₈N₁₆O₂₂
Molecular Weight: 1,419.53 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
BPC-157, a pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice, operates through several key pathways:
- VEGF Upregulation: BPC-157 significantly increases vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, promoting angiogenesis and blood vessel formation in research models.
- Nitric Oxide System: Modulates the NO system, affecting vasodilation and various tissue repair mechanisms. Research shows interaction with both NOS pathways.
- Growth Hormone Receptors: Studies suggest BPC-157 may influence growth hormone receptor expression in certain tissues.
- FAK-paxillin Pathway: Activates focal adhesion kinase pathways involved in cell migration and tissue organization.
Primary Research Applications
Gastrointestinal Research
As a gastric-derived peptide, BPC-157 is extensively studied for GI-related applications including ulcer models and intestinal permeability.
Tendon & Ligament Studies
Significant research focus on connective tissue, with studies examining tendon-to-bone healing and collagen synthesis.
Neuroprotection Research
Studies investigate BPC-157's effects on dopaminergic systems and potential neuroprotective mechanisms.
Wound Healing Models
Research on cutaneous wound healing through angiogenesis promotion and granulation tissue formation.
Understanding TB-500
Molecular Profile
Source: Thymosin Beta-4 active fragment
Key Region: Amino acids 17-23 (LKKTETQ)
Total Amino Acids: 43
Molecular Weight: 4,963.50 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
TB-500 is a synthetic version of the active region of Thymosin Beta-4, working through fundamentally different pathways than BPC-157:
- Actin Sequestration: TB-500 binds to actin monomers, regulating cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility. This is fundamental to its effects on cell migration.
- Cell Migration Promotion: By regulating actin polymerization, TB-500 enhances the ability of cells to migrate to sites of interest in research models.
- Angiogenesis: Like BPC-157, TB-500 promotes blood vessel formation, but through different downstream mechanisms related to endothelial cell migration.
- Anti-Inflammatory Signaling: Research indicates TB-500 may modulate inflammatory cytokine expression in various tissue models.
Primary Research Applications
Cardiac Research
Extensive studies on cardiac tissue, including post-ischemic models and cardiomyocyte function.
Systemic Tissue Studies
Due to its cell migration effects, TB-500 is studied across multiple tissue types systemically.
Muscle Research
Studies on muscle tissue regeneration and satellite cell activation.
Corneal Research
Investigated for corneal epithelial healing and ocular surface applications.
Synergistic Research: BPC-157 + TB-500
Why Researchers Combine Them
The distinct mechanisms of BPC-157 and TB-500 make them complementary in research protocols:
- • Different pathways: BPC-157 (VEGF/NO) + TB-500 (Actin/Cell migration)
- • Localized + Systemic: BPC-157's targeted effects combined with TB-500's broader distribution
- • Multiple angiogenesis mechanisms: Both promote blood vessel formation through different routes
- • Comprehensive protocols: Research designs can address multiple variables simultaneously
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between BPC-157 and TB-500?
BPC-157 is a gastric pentadecapeptide (15 amino acids) that works primarily through VEGF upregulation and nitric oxide pathways, while TB-500 is derived from Thymosin Beta-4 (43 amino acids) and works through actin regulation and cell migration. BPC-157 is more associated with GI tract and tendon research, while TB-500 is studied for systemic tissue repair.
Can BPC-157 and TB-500 be used together?
Yes, many researchers combine BPC-157 and TB-500 in their protocols. The peptides work through different mechanisms that may complement each other: BPC-157's localized effects through VEGF and TB-500's systemic effects through actin regulation.
Which peptide is better for research?
Neither is universally 'better' - they have different applications. BPC-157 is preferred for gastrointestinal and tendon-focused research. TB-500 is preferred for systemic tissue and cardiac research. Many protocols include both.
How stable are these peptides?
Both are stable when stored properly. Lyophilized forms can be stored at -20°C long-term. Reconstituted solutions should be refrigerated at 2-8°C and used within 4-6 weeks.
What is the price difference?
BPC-157 typically costs less per milligram due to its shorter sequence (15 vs 43 amino acids). At BioInfinity Lab, BPC-157 starts at $45 for 5mg while TB-500 starts at $55 for 5mg.
Research Citations
- 1. Sikiric P, et al. (2018). "Brain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157." Current Neuropharmacology.
- 2. Gwyer D, et al. (2019). "Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157." J Physiol Pharmacol.
- 3. Goldstein AL, et al. (2012). "Thymosin β4: actin-sequestering protein moonlights to repair injured tissues." Trends Mol Med.
- 4. Sosne G, et al. (2016). "Thymosin Beta 4: A Potential Novel Therapy for Neurotrophic Keratopathy." Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.
- 5. Crockford D. (2007). "Development of thymosin beta4 for treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease." Ann N Y Acad Sci.